Embraer is warning that recent supply disruptions with CF34 turbofans — built by GE Aerospace — are putting strain on its production of E175 regional jets. The shortage highlights how fragile the aviation supply chain remains and how even well-established engine programs can be impacted by demand spikes and global manufacturing challenges.
What’s Going On with the CF34 Supply
GE’s CF34 engine family powers Embraer’s first-generation E-Jets, including the E170 and E175. While Embraer has introduced the newer E2 series powered by Pratt & Whitney GTF engines, the E175 remains a critical aircraft for U.S. regional airlines and some international operators.
Embraer CEO Francisco Gomes Neto recently acknowledged that CF34 deliveries have become a “big issue” for the company this year, citing delays and shortfalls in the number of engines delivered by GE. Many completed E175 fuselages are now waiting for engines before they can be rolled off the production line and delivered to customers. GE has confirmed that it is working to address the supply issues.
CF34 Engine Variants
The CF34 has been in production for decades and is known for its reliability and adaptability across multiple regional aircraft platforms. Below is an overview of the main CF34 variants:
| Variant | Thrust Class | Aircraft Applications |
|---|---|---|
| CF34-3 | 9,000 – 9,500 lbf | Bombardier CRJ100/200, Challenger 600 series |
| CF34-8 | 13,500 – 14,500 lbf | Embraer E170/E175, Bombardier CRJ700/900/1000 |
| CF34-10 | 18,000 – 20,000 lbf | Embraer E190/E195, COMAC ARJ21 |
The CF34-8 is the variant specifically used on the Embraer E175. Its proven track record has made it one of the most reliable engines in the regional jet sector.
Why the CF34 is Still Relevant
While newer-generation engines like Pratt & Whitney’s PW1000G series power the latest E2-family aircraft, the CF34 remains crucial for several reasons:
- Massive Installed Base: Thousands of E175s and CRJs are in service worldwide, and airlines continue to rely on these aircraft for high-frequency regional routes.
- FAA Scope Clause Compliance: Many U.S. airlines are limited by pilot union agreements that restrict the weight and seating capacity of regional jets. The E175 with CF34 engines fits perfectly within these scope clause limits, making it irreplaceable in many markets.
- Proven Reliability: The CF34 has logged millions of flight hours and is known for durability and consistent performance under demanding operational conditions.
- Lower Risk for Airlines: Airlines value the CF34 for its maturity. Parts availability, maintenance networks, and overhaul expertise are well-established compared to newer engine designs.
This combination of factors ensures that the CF34 will remain in active use for many years, even as newer aircraft types enter the market.
Scale of the Disruption
Embraer’s unfilled firm order backlog for E175s stands at 208 aircraft as of June 30, 2025. These orders are spread across multiple carriers, with the majority coming from U.S. regional airlines operating under contracts with major network carriers such as American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, and United Airlines.
| Metric | Number |
|---|---|
| E175 Backlog (as of June 2025) | 208 units |
| Share of Total Embraer Backlog | ~40% |
| Estimated Deliveries in 2025 | 27 – 30 aircraft |
The shortages mean that Embraer is only expecting to deliver 27-30 E175s this year, a number that could have been significantly higher without supply chain disruptions.
Largest Embraer E175 Customers
The E175 is a staple for many regional carriers in the U.S. and abroad. Here are some of the largest customers for the type:
| Airline/Operator | Fleet Size (E175) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| SkyWest Airlines (U.S.) | 250+ | Operates for Delta, United, Alaska, and American |
| Republic Airways (U.S.) | 230+ | Operates for American, Delta, United |
| Envoy Air (American Airlines subsidiary) | 150+ | Exclusively operates E175 for American Eagle |
| Horizon Air (Alaska Airlines subsidiary) | 40+ | Exclusively operates E175 fleet |
| Mesa Airlines (U.S.) | 40+ | Contract flying for United and other majors |
SkyWest and Republic are by far the largest operators, handling the bulk of E175 flying in the United States under capacity purchase agreements with the major carriers.
Causes Behind the Engine Shortages
Several factors are driving this shortage of CF34 engines:
- Overhaul Demand vs. New Production: Many engines already in service are entering heavy maintenance cycles, stretching GE’s overhaul capacity and creating competition between maintaining current engines and producing new units.
- Global Supply Chain Challenges: Critical components like turbine blades and casings are subject to delays due to material shortages, manufacturing backlogs, and labor constraints.
- Aging Production Line: The CF34 line, while mature and proven, must compete for resources within GE Aerospace against newer programs like the LEAP and GE9X, which serve larger, newer aircraft.
Effects on Airlines and the Regional Jet Market
Airlines relying on E175s are feeling the pain directly. With new deliveries delayed, many carriers are:
- Extending leases on older aircraft to maintain capacity.
- Increasing maintenance budgets to keep older jets airworthy longer.
- Adjusting schedules to reduce frequency on less profitable routes.
- Facing difficulty meeting growth targets set by major network carriers.
For passengers, this can translate into fewer flight options, reduced frequencies, and in some cases higher fares on regional routes where aircraft supply is tight.
Embraer and GE’s Response
Embraer has publicly acknowledged the issue and is working closely with GE to manage production schedules and prioritize critical deliveries. CEO Francisco Gomes Neto remains optimistic that supply will improve by 2026 as GE ramps up manufacturing and resolves bottlenecks.
GE Aerospace has also stated that it is committed to resolving the shortages and supporting Embraer’s production goals, citing increased investments in parts production and overhaul facilities.
Final Thoughts
The CF34 engine family has been a reliable workhorse for decades, and the E175 continues to play a vital role in connecting communities across the U.S. and beyond. However, the current shortage underscores how even mature programs are vulnerable to modern supply chain stresses.
With a significant backlog and strong demand from regional carriers, solving these supply issues is critical for Embraer, GE Aerospace, and the airlines they serve. Until production stabilizes, airlines and passengers alike will continue to feel the ripple effects of this disruption.
